Brake shoe



y 27, 1952 B. E. HOUSE 2,598,545

BRAKE SHOE Filed April 26, 1947 2 SHEETS:-SHEET l INVENTOR.

/mm 5 Home M y 27, 1952 B. E. HOUSE 2,598,545

BRAKE SHOE Filed April 26, 194'? 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 IN VEN TOR.

Egg/W 5 H0045 ye/ray Patented May 27, 1952 BRAKE SHOE Bryan E. House, South Bend, Ind., assignor to Bendix Aviation Corporation, South Bend, Ind., a corporation of Delaware Application April 26, 1947, Serial No. 744,184

18 Claims. 1

This invention relates to brake shoe construction, and its primary purpose is to provide a brake shoe having a detachable, or demountable, rim In other words the rim and web are so constructed and arranged as to be readily detachable from one another when servicing is required, although they are normally firmly held together, or retained in assembly, by reliable holding, or locking, means. 4

There are several advantages derived from the development of a readily detachable brake shoe rimyamong which advantages are the following:

.(1) It permits a brake shoe having worn out lining to be serviced simply by removingthe old rim and replacing it with a factory-lined new rim. -This is particularly important when the lining is bonded to the rim by a thermosetting adhesive, a procedure which may replace the use of rivets and which requires carefully controlled conditions of manufacture.

(2) Because the lining can be bonded to the rim before the rim and web are assembled, the bonding operation can be accomplished much more easily and efi'lciently than has heretofore been possible.

(3) The shoe rims and shoe webs can be separately stored prior to assembling, thereby saving considerable factory storage space.

(4) The shoe rims and webs do not have to be welded together, and the operating and maintenance costs of welding machines are thus eliminated.

(5)'Because the customary restriking operation can be performed on the rim before it is attached to the web, a flatter rim surface can be obtained, nad therefore a better bond between rim and lining is possible. When the restriking is done after the web has been attached to the rim, the presence of the web interferes to some extent with the uniform fiattening of the rim surface. In the preferred embodiment of the presentinvention, and, as a-matter of fact, in nearly all of the embodiments, the web and rim are held in engagement by a resilient; or spring, member. Among the advantages of such an arrangement are the following:

(1) The rim and web can be readily assembled and disassembled because of the give inthe attaching member. I I a l (2) The shoe is permitted to breathe, or flex,

duringoperation of the brake, thereby avoiding thenoise often associatedwith brake shoes to which the linings are bonded; In order to provide a safe and fully reliable shoe assembly, the resilient attaching member is so arranged as to be positively held, or locked,

in assembled position.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent during the following discussion, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is an exploded view of the components of my novel brake shoe, shown prior to assembling; 7

Figures 2 and 3 show the assembled brake shoe, the former figure showing a side view of the shoe, and the latter figure showing a bottom view of a portion of the shoe; I

Figures 4, 5 and 6 show side, bottom and end views, respectively, of a modified version of the invention;

Figures 7 and 8 are side and bottom views, respectively, of another modification of the invention;

Figures 9 and 10 are side and bottom views, respectively, of yet another embodiment of the invention;

Figures 11 and. 12 are side and bottom views, respectively, of a brake shoe illustrating a further form of the invention;

Figures 13 and 14 are side and cross-sectional views respectively, of another version of the invention; and I Figures 15. and 16 are side and cross-sectional views, respectively, of a brake shoe showing a still further version of the invention.

The arrangement shown in Figures 1 to 3, inclusive, is the preferred embodiment of the invention. The three parts shown in exploded position in Figure 1 are the detachable rim 22, the separately formed strengthening web 24, and the resilient member 26 which is used to retain the rim and web in assembled relationship. The rim- 22, which is an arcuate sheet-metal member, carries the lining strip 28, which may be secured to the rim by any suitable means.

For example, the lining may be bonded to the rim by a thermosetting adhesive, which holds the rim and lining together at least as firmly as the customary rivets and which reduces waste of the lining material because there are no rivets heads to limit the extent' of permissible wear of the lining. l

The rim 22 has three spaced slots 30, 32 and 34 formed therein along the center line, the slots being provided for the purpose of receiving complementary projections formed on the web 24. Referring to the right end of the rim as the forward end of the rim, itwill be observed that the 40 (see Figure 3), which is provided in order topermit the web to clear the ledge when it is being assembled with the rim.

The web 24 is a separatelyformed' stampingwhich has an arcuate surface 42 adapted to engage the inner side of the rim and three outwardly extending projections 44, 46 and 48 arranged to register with the slots 30, 32 and 34, respectively, of the rim, thereby determining the lateral positi'onr'of the' web witlr'respect'to the rim; The forward-Jedge'"of projection 48*hasa' surface 59 which makes an acute angle with' th'e*outer edge ofi-theprojection and-which is intended to engage -'-th'e"surface 36 I on the rim when the" web and rim' aresecur'edi together; Therforward end of projection w' thus-acts 'asa hook which pre' vents radial displacementof ther'web with'respect to th'ei' rnnso long as the'assembledi" web and rim are prevented from having relative endwise; or circumferential; movement. In assembling-the rim andweb'; the inclined surf ace '3 6 and. the hooked end'ofr projection 48falso" 'actr a'sJ-afcam and cam follower, gradually bringing the'rini' and web into tighter-engagement radially; asthe' web is urged toward the'ri'ght; or forward, end of 'therim';

The left end of the web, which i adjacentthe hooh=shapedledge38 in'assembled position; has a-rampfsi'irface 52 which 'isso' inclined; as 'to fa= cilitate moving, or rotating, the resilient retaining member ZEYintoi hoIdin'g, or lockd; position. The ramp 52 ="termin'ates Y in an" abutment 54= near the underside of the rim, the abutment being engaged by one 'si'de of *the' resilient member 26' in assembledp'o'sitiorf."

In order'to retain the end's of'resilient m'embee-refinancing; orlocked, position after" assinbl'y; a slot-56' is provided in the'web at a point near the underside of the rim and spaced some what i rom theramp-surface of the-web;

The otl-ier details the shape of the web' are conventional features' of brake shoes which are-in widesprail usei- The iriventio'n', is;- of course; applicableto brake shoes' forvarious types of brake withofit -limitation to any particular 'brake arrangemerm The'sev'eral' hole's' in the illustrated brak wee-are provided for such purposes as-re- Vtai-nin the-ends of shbe-return springs, locating sh'de' hold-'dowrrdevices; and providing a-be'a ing forf; a"1everf pivot pini. The'c'ontourdetails of theweb except as'to' the particular featurespreviously noted, are dictated by therequirements' of the .brakeassembry'in' which the shoe is to be mounted;

I The resilient retaining member 26', wh-ich' used for-locking-the weband rim in assembled position-,consistsof' aspring steel element having a curved base portion 58 which is adapted to engage "thehookesh'a-ped ledge 3-8"of-'the rim attwo spaced' points, while: engagingthe. ramp :52 of the web centrally .i. e. between the points 'of engagement with the ledge (asshown Figure 35. The base portion cr me-spring element 26 may therefore be *saidt'o provide a' half-elliptic spring has a surface of engage- 4 which exerts a tangential force holding the rim and web in engagement.

The center portion of the base of the spring element 26 also engages the abutment 54 to exert a direct radial force holding the web and rim in engagement.

The spring element 26 has integral arms 60 and 62 which extendalon f-oppositesides of'the web and'which have inwardly turned ends 64 and 66, respectively, extending into the slot 56 in the web tolock the spring element in place. The arms 60 and 62 have inwardly curved guide portions 68 and 70, respectively, intermediate their length which closely approach the sides of the web to prevent excessive lateral displacement of the spring element.

The assembled shoe is shown in Figures 2 and 3. In putting the rim, web and spring together, thefirst step is to slide the web into position on the rim by hooking the forward end of projection= 4.8 "over the forward edge of slot 34 and pushing the web forwardly: with respect to" the rim'to bring the surface-42 -'of the web into engagement with the inner'side 'of the rim. During this ini-' tial assembling "step, the: rear' outer end of the web moves through the 's1ot 4n provided ledge 38';v

When the web: and rim have been I placed together, with the projections 44, 46 an'd IB- eX- ten'd-ing tl irou'gl'r the slots 30,- 32- and 34, 'respectively; th'e'remain-i-ng step is: to assemble theFloc'k ing' spring 26*. 'Ihe'porti'ons 12? and 14 of; the base 58' of. the'spring element are' pla'cedinside the hook shaped' ledge-'38, and the center portion T6 0fthebaselifi 'of the spring elementis V rotated-intoengagement "with'the inner part 1-8 of theram'p 5 2. As the rotation of the spring 'elemer t 1's conti'nuedgthe inwardly turned ends 64 and86 of "the spring ei'ementmust be 'spread apart sufiiciently to lie on opposite "sides -of the web. Further rotativemovernentbf the spring element causes the ends '64 and 6 6 to slide along the sides of= the web' u'ntil they register with the slot 56, at whi-chtime'the resilient 'force urging them toward one another causes them to snap-into place inane-slot; locking the spring element' in position. 7

As the portion-76' of'the -base ofth'e spring eIement moves u p the ram'p'tzg the web i's 'urged' to move circumfere'ntially forward with I respect to the-rim; thereby providin'g a resilient force w'h-i'ch urges the hook 50 into tight engagement with the forward end 36 of the corresponding slot in the rim. i In' otlrer words, the base -'58'-of the spring element actsfas a spring-between th'eledge 38- on I theQri m atId therampQS-Z on'the web to exerta longitudinally acting force which holds" the rim and web in engagement.

Owing tofthe engagement of the center portion TB of th'e 'base of-the spring element with abutment 54 at the end of ramp 52, a direct radial force{--is *also exerted by the-springelemeht tending to d rawthe rim and'web together at the left, or rearend; This radial tightening force'i present' becausethe resistance of the base of' the spring element to lateral'flexuretends to' move the abutment 54 on the web radially 'outwar'dly witlif-respect-to the inner edge 83'' Of the-ledge' 38 onthe rim. I

V The locking eifect of the ends 6 4 and of the arms of the spring element is enhanced by" the pressure of ledge 38 against'the base of the spring element, owing to the factthatsuch p'ressure urges the arms of thesp'ring elementtoward otle another.

The spring element 26 provides a positive lock which retain's'the rim-and web in assembled relationship throughout the life of the brake shoe. At the same time it permits the rim to be readily detached from the web when servicing of the lining is required. And it also provides a desirable resilience inthe shoe assembly which permits a slight flexing action in the shoe, and thereby tends to prevent brake noise which sometimes results from bonding the lining to the rim.

' It-will be noted that' onlya slight clearance is provided between the 'rear edge of projection 48 on the web and the r ear'edge of slot in the rim. This clearance is preferably made small in order to limit any possible endwise movement'of the rim with respect toltheweb when the drum is rotating in a clockwise direction.

Thus the maximum possible defiection'of the base of the spring element during braking is limited to a very small distance. In the counterclockwise direction of drum rotation (which is the direction of drum rotation when the vehicle is moving forwardly); the wrapping action of the drum merely increases the force holding surface 36 of the rim in engagement with surface 50 of the web.

When it is desired to detach the rim from the web in order to replace'worn down lining, the op-' eration is very simple. A suitable tool is used to spread the arms 69 and 62 of the spring element, forcing the locking ends and 66 out of slot 56. Once the ends of the spring element have been pried out of slot 56, the spring element is simply rotated away from the rim until the portion I6 of the base is disengaged from the inner end'l8 of ramp 52. This permits removal of the spring element, and the web can then be unhooked from the rim. I I

Probably the least expensive way to reline the shoes will be simply to replace the old rim with a factory-lined new rim, after which the shoe is reassembled in the manner previously explained. The entire disassembling and reassembling operation can be performed in a few seconds.'

Figures 4 to 6 illustrate another embodiment of the invention which differs from the previouslydescribed embodiment only in slight degree. In describing the construction in Figures 4 to 6, the same reference nu'meralsare used as were used to describe similar elements and parts in Figures 1 to 3, except that the letter a is added.

The brade shoe of Figures 4 to 6 hasthe same arrangement for guiding the rim on'the web and for hooking the forward web projection on the rim as the shoe of Figures 1 to 3. The difference lies solely in the particular construction and'arrangement of the spring element 26a. Therim 22a,'instead of having a hook-shaped ledge at its rear end, has two laterally spaced slots 82, which are formed indepressions 84 provided in the rim. The portions 12a and Ma of the base of the spring element are bent outwardlyto extend through the respective slots 82 and rest against the rear edges 38d of the slots. The center portion 16a of the base of the spring element engages the ramp 52a of the web 24a. The

arrangement of the spring element is'such that and 88 formed by lancing the rim 22b. and bend ingthe ears inwardly. The center portion 16b of the base of the spring element 26b engages a ramp 52b, which is the front edge of an opening 90 provided in the outer edge of theweb 24b.

Figures 9 and 10 show how the. desired result can be accomplished with a spring element 260 which has only one locking arm 500, the end 640 of which extends into the slot 560. The portion 160 of the spring. element which engages the ramp 520 is provided by the end of the spring element, and'the portions and "c which engage the hook-shaped ledges 38care formed in the spring element between the portion and the arm 600. A nib 92 is formed in the spring element and extends between the two ledges, 38c tojprevent lateral sliding movement of the spring element after the parts have been assembled. Y

Figures 11 and 12 illustrate a more elementary form of the invention in which the arms 60d and 62d of spring element 26d are snapped under ears 94 and 96 provided by lancing the rim 22d. The arrangement of the base of the spring element is the same as in the version shown in Figures 7 and 8.

Figures 13 and 14 show a very simple device for detachably securing the web to the rim, in which no provision is made'for a resilient engaging force." Inwardly bent straps 98 :and 99 are formed adjacent to the web in the rim He, the straps being integral parts of the rim. The web 24c extends through the slot [00 provided between the straps and has a hook-shaped opening I02 formed in its outer edge. A tapered pin I 04 is driven into the space between the side of opening I02 and the straps 98 and 99, as shown. Preferably, the tapered pin is provided with a locking tooth I06 which engages one side of the strap to keep the pin from being accidentally disengaged. Y

Figures 15 and 16 illustrate'a form of attaching device, injwhich a U-shaped spring clip I08 has an arm 0 which engages a strap 98fprovided on the rim 22] and another arm I I! which extends through a slot H4 in the web 241, to hold the web and rim together with a resilient force.

Although certain particular embodiments of my invention have been described, it will be understood'by those skilled in the art that the object of the invention may be attained by the use of constructions difierent in certain respects from those disclosed without departing fromzthe underlying'principles of the invention. .1 therefore desire by the following claims to include within the scope of my invention all such variations and modifications by which substantially the results of my invention may be obtained through the use of substantially the same'or equivalent means.

- I claim 1. A T-section brake shoe comprising anarcuate sheet metal rim having friction lining material secured thereto and having a plurality of circumferentially spaced slots formed therein along the center line, the forward edge of the slot nearest one end of the rim having a surface of engagement which makes an acute angle with.

the outer surface of the" rim, the opposite end of the rim being turned inwardly to provide a hook-shaped laterally-extending ledge; a, detachable strengthening web which engages the inner side of the rim and which is provided with a plurality of outwardly extending projections extending into the slots formed in the rim, the

the web is urged toward theend ofithe rimhaving" said inclined 'sui'face'of engagement;the

endo'f the Web adjacent the "hooki-shapedledge of'the rim having'a ram-p opposite said ledge which terminates in an abutment near the underside of the rim, said webr having. a slot therethrough at I a point i n'ear the underside": of the rim 'a-ndspaced somewhat' from-lthe ramp surface of the web; and a resilient reta'ining member for" holding the web and in engagemeritbbns'is'tihg of a spring-steel element havin a: curved base portion-which engages the -hook= shaped ledge of the rim at two spaced-: points and-which: engages the ramp on the web between the points Yr of engagement with-the ledge, the base portion of the" spring-steel element thereby providing a halfellip'tic spring which exerts-a tangential force holding the rim and web in engagement, the 68111561 portion of -the base ot the spring steel element also engaging-theabist ment attheendof the web ramp-to-exert a radial iorce holding: the rim and web in' engagement, said spring-steel element'having- -integira 1 arms-which extend along opposite'sides of the-web: and which have inwardly turned ends extending the aforementioned slot inthe web tolock the spring: steel eleme'ntin place, saidi armshaving inwardly curved guide portinS;--' intermediate their length which closely approach the: sides of the Web to prevent excessivelateral displacement of the spring-- steel elements r V 7 2; A T-=se'ction brake shoe comprising an arcuate sheet metal rim having friction lining material secured thereto and having-' a -plurality ofLi'circumferentiallyspacedslots" formed therein along the center-line, the 'forward'edge- 'of the slot nearest one" end of the rim having a surface ofiengagement which: makes an acuteangle with theiouter surface 'of the rim, thewopposite end ofsjth'e rim being turned inwardly to provide a hook-shaped: laterally extendi'ng ledge; a detach'able strengthening web which engages the innerliside of the rim and which is provided with a;:.plurality of" outwardly-extending projections extending into the slots formed in the rim, the forward". edge" of one of f the projections having a: surface which makes an acute anglewith the outer-edge of the projection and whichenga'ges the"inclinedlsurface-20f'enagement: of the aforementioned end' slot; thereby causing the web*:and rimwto be broughtinto tighter engagementia's the-:web urged towardithe end of the: rim'hav ing said inclined surface of engagement; the-end of the web adjacent the hook-shaped -;lede5of the rim having-v a ramp; opposite said ledge,

, said -web having; a slot therethroughat'a point near .the underside of the .rim-.and spaced somewhatsfromlthe ramp surface-of the web; and' a resilient retaining member for holding the web 8 elementi-havingintegral arm's which extend alon oppositeiqsides 10f the: web and r whichvhave'; in. ward-1y: turned 4 ends:1extendingy-intorthec: 'afore e: mentioned slot-- in the :web to lock=the spring-steel element: place; :said T. arms shaving inwandly curved; guider-portions; intermediateitheii::lengtli which: :closely approach the: sides-0t the; web 11:01 prevent excessive lateral displacement .:ot the springsi'steel::element.-: I H

3. A Tesectionwl brake; shoe;- comprisingz -an, arcuate' irimirhavin .c friction: lining: material isecuredaf herejto and havingza plurality of ,cii:cum-s fenentially spaced slots, formed; therein alon the center dingy/the forward edge of" the slot; nearest= one rend to'f ,i-the rim-providing 1a esuriace of engagement; thmODD'OSilZQZ send-:01 the rimbe.-

ing turned inwarcllyitos provideza; laterally-ex: tendin qdedgez a detachable r strengthening;-web whichienga'ges Sbhe zinnersidepf the'rimsanmwhich is -providedgwithi a plurality OfcO'lltWfil-EdlMfiXiBhdi ingprojections extending into" the "slots 5 formed in the:rimsthe iorwardgedge of'gz'one of the-rpm: jections having a g-sur-facetwhich engagesjhe sure face-A of engagemen-tiof :the v-aforementionedirendslot; suohtiarway .assto cause the rweband; ;rimto be brought into tighter engagement 831's; the web ris urgedtowardqthe :end the rimehaving said. =surfac'e: of engagement, ;the'.: end: ;of-;thej web adjacentlthe ledge-of the rim--having;a ram-mom posite/;said--:1ed e,: said iweb having: aslot "therea-v through' spaced' somewhat from rth'egramp suit-face o-'.-;the-web';;-; and aresilient?retaining member for iholding the-web and rim imengagement 10911: sisting; of a gspring elementhavinga curvedbase portion which: engages the-g ledge of the: at

two: spaced'rpointsand:whiflhengages; theqramp on-the-web-* between "the? pointsv of "engagement with the ledge, said spring element having anms which extend along-opposite sides of the web and which have inwardly turned ends extending into, the aforementionedslot in the; Web; tolock-n-the spring elemen-t inplace.

4; A T=-sectiorr brake shoe comprising; an arcuate trim having- Y friction lining; material 56% cured thereto and having a plurality of circuzn r ferentially, Spaced S10ts-- formed therein; along thecenterline; the forward edge aot'; the-slot nearest. one endof the; rim; providing; a suizface of engagement; the-rim- 'bein-g Y'providedeneai: its;

opposite end; with aligned 'springrSupporting-snre faces:substantiallymormal to; the: rimproper; -;adetachablestrengthening :webwhich engagesthe inner side-oftthe rim and whichis provided-with a. plurality of outwardly extending projections extendinginto the slots formed in the *ri-mgthe forward: edge-of one: of the-p305 ectionsqhaving; asurface: which: engages the surface of; engage-1 merit-50f theaforementionedend :slot inmam a? way as-to ca-use= .the 7 web and -rim to be brought into-tighten engagement 5 with the web, is urged toward the :end of athEIiHlihfiViIlfl'flSflid surfacegof engagement, the. endof the web adjacentthe spring-supporting;surfaces ;'of:the' 'rimghavingian oppositely-disposed springesupporting; surface; said web having a; slotitherethroughspaced some: What-from said springesupportingi surfaces and a-.;resilient detaining-member for: holding :the; web and: rim in engagementwconsisting; of a: spring element".having-v a,- curved base portion which en-1- gages the spring-supporting; surfaces of tlie rim at two spaced" points and; which engages; the spring-supporting; surface on the web; between the:- points of engagement with thewrim said spring. elementhaving" arms -Which;extend; along; opposite: sides of the web and which: haver im 9 wardly turned ends extending into the aforementioned slot in the web to lock the spring element in place.

5. A T-section brake shoe comprising an arcuate rim having friction lining material secured thereto and having a plurality of circumferentially spaced slots formed therein along the center line, one edge of one of the slots providing-a surface of engagement, the rim being provided with aligned spring-supporting surfaces substantially normal to' the rim proper; a detachable strengthening web which engages the inner side of the rim andwhich is provided with a plurality of outwardly extending projections extending into the slots formed in the rim, one edge of one of the projections having a surface which engages the aforementioned surface of engagement in such a way as to cause the web and rim to be brought into tighter engagement as the web is urged longitudinally with respect to the rim, said web having a spring-supporting surface opposite the spring-supporting surfaces of the rim and, having a slot therethrough spaced somewhat from said spring-supporting surface; and a resilient retaining member for holding the web and rim in engagement consisting of a spring element havinga curved base portion which engages the spring-supporting surfaces of the rim and which engages the spring-supporting surface on the web between the points of enagement with the rim, said spring element having arms which extend along opposite sides of the web and which have inwardly turned ends extending into the aforementioned slot in the web to lock the spring element in place.

6. A brake shoe comprising a rim having one or more slots formed therein along the center line. a flat strengthening web which is perpendicular to the rim and which detachably engages the inner side of the rim, said web being provided with one or more projections lying in the plane of said web and extending into the slot or slots in the rim, and a resilient shoe-assembling member which, when combined with the rim and web, exerts a springforce which retains the web in engagement with the rim.

7. A brake shoe comprising a rim, a flat rimless strengthening web which is perpendicular to the rim and which detachably engages the inner side of the rim, and a. resilient shoe-assembling member which, when combined with the rim and web, exerts a spring force which retains the web in engagement with the rim. 8. A brake shoe rim comprising an arcuate sheet metal strip having friction lining material secured thereto and having a plurality of circumferentially spaced slots formed therethrough along the longitudinal center line and adapted to receive web projections, the forward edge of the slot nearest one end of the rim having a surface of engagement which makes an acute angle with the outer surface of the rim and which is arranged to be engaged by a complementary surface of a web projection, the opposite end of the rim being turned inwardly to provide a hookshaped laterally-extending ledge which furnishes a supporting surface for a shoe-assembling spring element.

9. A brake shoe rim comprising an arcuate sheet metal strip having friction lining material secured thereto and having a plurality of circumferentially spaced slots formed therethrough intermediate its ends and along the center line, the forward edge of the slot nearest one end of the rim having a surface of engagement which makes 10 an acute angle with the outer surface of the rim, the opposite end of the rim from said surface of engagement being turned inwardly to provide a laterally-extending ledge.

10. A brake shoe rim comprising an arcuate strip having friction lining material secured thereto and having a plurality of circumferentially spaced slots formed therethrough intermediate its ends and along the'center line, one edge of one of the slots having a surface of engagement whichis adapted to function as a cam while the rim is being combined with a brake shoe web.

11. A brake shoe comprising a flat web providedwith a plurality of spaced radial projections which are coplanar with said web, one of such projections being provided with a locking cam surface, and a detachable rim comprising an arcuate strip having friction lining ma'terialsecured thereto and. having a plurality'of circumferentially spaced slots, one edge of one of said slots having a surface of engagement adapted to engage the cam surface of the web, and the others of said slot being registrable with the other projections of the web.

12. A T-section brake shoe comprising an arcuate rim having friction lining material secured thereto and having a plurality of circumferentially-spaced slots formed therein along the center line, the rear end of the rim being turned inwardly to provide a laterally-extending ledge; a flat detachable strengthening web which engages the inner side of the rim and which is provided with a plurality of outwardly-extending projections extending into the slots formed in the rim, the forward edge of the projection nearest the forward end of the rim having a surface which makes an acute angle with the outer edge of the projection, in order to hook the web to the rim and cause the web and rim to be brought into tighter engagement as the web is urged toward the forward end of the rim; and a resilient retaining member for holding the web and rim in engagement consisting of a spring element which engages the rim ledge at two laterally-spaced points and which engages the adjacent end of the web between the points of engagement with the ledge, the spring element thereby providing a half-elliptic spring which exerts a tangential force urging the web toward the forward end of the rim.

13. A T-section brake shoe comprising an arcuate rim having friction lining material secured thereto and having a plurality of circumferentially-spaced slots formed therein along the center line, one edge of the slot nearest one end of the rim providing a surface of engagement, the

opposite end of the rim being turned inwardly to provide a laterally-extending ledge; a detachable strengthening web which engagesthe inner side of the rim and which is provided with a plurality of outwardly-extending projections extending into the slots formed in the rim, one edge of one of the projections having a surface which engages the aforesaid surface of engagement in such a way as to cause the web and rim to be brought into tighter engagement as the web is urged toward the end of the rim having said surface of engagement; and a resilient retaining member for holding the web and rim in engagement consisting of a spring element which engages the ledge of the rim at two laterally-spaced points and which engages the adjacent end of the web between the points of engagement with the ledge.

14. A brake shoe comprising a rim having one ,onmore slotsformedtherein intermediateiits ends .andialong "the centerjinaaa: strengthening, web

:whichz-is :perpendicular to the rim:and;which adetachably engages the illllGltSidBfiOf-Zthfi-linlfzsaid webbeingprovided withrone-ormore-projections coplanar, withxsaidiweb and;:extendingzinto'ithe slot 1 or: slots. in v the rim,; one .wedge 10f. one iii..- the projections-having a isurface which engages Ethe edge. ofithe-corresponding slot in such a way "as-to cause the web .and rim .to be: urged itowarduengagementasthe web is moved longitudinally with respecttdthe rim, and a resilient retaining member which urges the web to move longitudinally withurespect .:.to the rim and thereby maintains the :webyand rim-in assembled -relationship,:said resilient rmember having guide :portions which limit theclateral'movement.ofthe resilient-memiorceztendingcto move-theweblongitudinallrmith respect'toithezrim V. V V V 17. A brakeshoe comprising a rimzhavingfiione ;or moreeslotswformed therein ;along==,the ,center line; :said :rim: being provided with :aqspringesupwporting surfacewwhich fiS notparalleiitoathe snrfaceiof the a im-proper-,; a flat'rimless :strengthene- 7 web; WhiChr-iS. in a planeperpendicular (to ithe all) . rimsandwhich detachablyfingfi es .the z-innenside of; :the. c-rim,",said7.w.eb :gbeing-;.providedr -withi one-101' 'more pro 'ectionswextendingz outwardl romiiits -'rirrt-e ngyagi ng iedge and intoithe'sloti islqts in them;lineed pfwo e'cfrthe p inie tio s havine a isuriacemhich engagesthaedgepoi thegeorrespending slot'in suchea; Way as to r cause-.the-web :and;vrim;to be urgedatoward engagementi-as :the

her with'respecttothe web Vanda-thereby hold said 7 memberrin-assembled-position.

115,1A brake ishoe comprisingarimxhavingone ore-more slots; a ledge formed on: :one enda'o'fmaid rimrarslotremote from the:-le dge endiofsaidmim beinginclined upwardly and-outwardly. fromssaid ledge'endwto provide a? surface of: engagement? strengthening web which is perpendicular-.110 fthe a rim-and which detachably engagesithe-inneriside of--the :rim'; one :or more outwardly disposedzprojections'formedonrthe outer edge of said. weband entera-hlerinto said slots; an "edge of. a "projection being -:inc1ined;to=-engage said surface of engagement; an abutment :formed on :the end ofisaid web adjacent said :ledge; and a. resilientretaining member engaging saideledge and-:said abutment to. hold :said :rim: against displacement from-said r web.-

= 16,: A-brake:shoemompfising-a --ri1n=.havi;ng one 0r; morev longitudinally-extending slots: formed thereinzalong {the center line, said :rim;:being.- pro- :vided with a {laterally -extend-mg'spring-supportlug-surface which isinot parallelito:the-rsurfacenf the :rim:pr oper;a fiat rimlessstrengthening web .which -is inra .plane perpendicular to ;the-=rim:.a-nd which "detachably 'engages the -inner side. of :the rimy'said web being=provided on-its :rim.-engagingredge with one or more outwardly-= extending projections which extend into the :slot for eslots i in the rim; oneedge of one of =-the-projections having a surface which engages the edge of the corresponding slot in such.-a way as to cause dzhe' web and (rim to-be urged :radially-into tighter engagement as the web is moved longitudinally with :re-

spect t0the-rim,-said web having a spring-engaging-surface "opposite thespring-supportingl-sure face of the rim, and a resilient retaining. member for holding the web and rim inengagement corisisting ofwa springrelement-rwhich engages the spring=supportingsurface of a the rim at .two dater'ally-spaced' points and which engages the spring-engaging surface. of the web between the pointsof engagement with .the rim-tol exert a web risv-moved =-longitudinally with respect-r the rimr-said web having-fa zspringeengaging surface opposite u-the springesupporting surface of :therim', and a-=resilientretainingmember-fomholdingzthe web and rimeir-rassembledrrelatienshimlsaid memv a aei-ne the sprin supportin isu acen i rrimiiandlthe neeenea ine surfacer rthezweb toliu ge the 'web toamove longitudinallyq-w-itmr spect-to therimxi i v ,(1.8 -.A brake shoe-comprisinga rim havingeone on more-slots :formed; thereinialcngvthe wfififier line ea flat estreng theningrz web wlrich -is;eper-pen .dicul-ar tolthe rim andwhichidetachably engages the inner-sideof the rim saidweb abeingprovided withone or more outwardly extendingrprojections- REFERENCES CITED The following IBfBIYGHQBSfiIB? oi itecord inf-the file of-this ..patent'.-

V UNITED'ESTATESLPA'VVIENTS Number 

